Monday, 5 November 2012

List of birds of Bangladesh


  • List of birds of Bangladesh

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    This is a list of the bird species recorded in Bangladesh. The avifauna of Bangladesh includes a total of 466 species, of which 1 has been introduced by humans, and 12 are rare or accidental. 3 species listed are extirpated in Bangladesh and are not included in the species count. 35 species are globally threatened.
    This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of Clements's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Bangladesh.
    The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. The commonly occurring, native, species do not fall into any of these categories.
    • (A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Bangladesh.
    • (I) Introduced A species introduced to Bangladesh as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.
    • (Ex) Extirpated A species that no longer occurs in Bangladesh although populations exist elsewhere.

    Grebes

    Order: Podicipediformes. Family: Podicipedidae
    Great-Crested-Grebe.jpg
    Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.
  • Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis
  • Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus

Storm petrels

Order: Procellariiformes. Family: Hydrobatidae
The storm petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Tropicbirds

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phaethontidae
Red-tailed Tropicbird in flight1.jpg
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Pelecanidae
Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis) in Uppalapadu, AP W IMG 3330.jpg
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Boobies and gannets

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Sulidae
Red-footed Booby (Sula sula) -Galápagos.jpg
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Cormorants

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Indian Cormorant
The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Darters

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Anhingidae
Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Bitterns, herons and egrets

Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ardeidae

Eastern Great Egret
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ciconiidae

White Stork
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Threskiornithidae
Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in Uppalpadu, AP W IMG 2901.jpg
The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes. Family: Phoenicopteridae

Greater Flamingo
Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Ducks, geese and swans

Order: Anseriformes. Family: Anatidae

Northern Pintail
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Osprey

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Pandionidae
OspreyNASA.jpg
The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Hawks, kites and eagles

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Accipitridae

Pallas's Fish Eagle
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 26 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Caracaras and falcons

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Falconidae

Laggar Falcon
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Pheasants and partridges

Order: Galliformes. Family: Phasianidae
Z
Mountain Bamboo-Partridge
The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowl[disambiguation needed]s, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Buttonquails

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Turnicidae
TurnixSuscitatorTaigoor.jpg
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails.The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Rallidae

Purple Swamphen
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Sungrebe and Finfoots

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Heliornithidae
Masked Finfoot.jpg
The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Bustards

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Otididae
Bengal Florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis) 2470563799.jpg
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Jacanidae

Bronze-winged Jacana
The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Painted snipe

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rostratulidae
Greater Painted-snipe (Female) I2 IMG 9477.jpg
Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Avocets and stilts

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Recurvirostridae

Black-winged Stilt
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Scolopacidae

Ruff
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Stercorariidae
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Terns

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Sternidae
Gull-billed Tern.jpg
Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rynchopidae

Indian Skimmer
Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Sandgrouse

Order: Pterocliformes. Family: Pteroclidae
Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes. There are 16 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes. Family: Columbidae

Yellow-footed Green Pigeon
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Parrots, macaws and allies

Order: Psittaciformes. Family: Psittacidae
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Cuckoos and anis

Order: Cuculiformes. Family: Cuculidae

Asian Emerald Cuckoo
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Barn owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Typical owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Strigidae

Buffy Fish-Owl
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Frogmouths

Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Podargidae
The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bills and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects. There are 12 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes. Family: Apodidae

Pacific Swift
Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Treeswifts

Order: Apodiformes. Family: Hemiprocnidae
The treeswifts or crested swifts are aerial near passerine birds, closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Trogons and Quetzals

Order: Trogoniformes. Family: Trogonidae
The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Alcedinidae

Black-backed Kingfisher
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Typical rollers

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Coraciidae

Dollarbird
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Hoopoes

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Upupidae
Common Hoopoe (Upupa epops) on a tree in Kolkata W IMG 4505.jpg
Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Hornbills

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Bucerotidae

Oriental Pied-Hornbill
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Barbets

Order: Piciformes. Family: Capitonidae

Coppersmith Barbet
The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: Piciformes. Family: Picidae

Heart-spotted Woodpecker
Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Broadbills

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Eurylaimidae
The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Pittas

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pittidae

Hooded Pitta
Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards, and stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They are spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey which they find there. There are 32 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Larks

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Alaudidae

Oriental Skylark
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Swallows and martins

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hirundinidae
The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Motacillidae
The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Cuckoo-shrikes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Campephagidae
The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Bulbuls

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pycnonotidae

Red-whiskered Bulbul
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.There are 130 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Leafbirds

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Chloropseidae
The Leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows. There are 8 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Ioras

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Aegithinidae
The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in coloration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens. There are 4 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Cisticolas and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Old World warblers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 33 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Muscicapidae

National bird of Bangladesh
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 35 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Fantails

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Rhipiduridae

White-throated Fantail
The Fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders. There are 44 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Monarch flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Whistlers and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pachycephalidae
The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrike-thrushes, shrike-tits, pitohuis and Crested Bellbird. There are 57 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Babblers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Timaliidae
The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 42 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Parrotbills

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paradoxornithidae
The parrotbills are a group of birds native to East and Southeast Asia, though feral populations are known from elsewhere. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitats. There are 20 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Chickadees and titmice

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 4 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Sunbirds and Spiderhunters

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Nectariniidae

Purple-throated Sunbird
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Flowerpeckers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Dicaeidae
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues. There are 44 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Oriolidae
The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Fairy-bluebirds

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Irenidae
The Fairy-bluebirds are bubbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Helmetshrikes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Prionopidae
The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Drongos

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Dicruridae
The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Woodswallows

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Artamidae
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

Crows, jays, ravens and magpies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Corvidae
The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Weavers and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Waxbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Buntings, sparrows, seedeaters and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 4 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Siskins, crossbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 1 species which occur in Bangladesh.

Sparrows

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and only 1 species which occurs in Bangladesh.

See also

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    NATURAL BEAUTY: BIRDS OF BANGLADESH

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    Birds the beauty of nature, are one of the most diverse species of all fauna. In Bangladesh, people sleep at night & rise early in the morning hearing the sweet songs of different birds. Being a small country it is very rich in avifauna. The avifauna of Bangladesh includes a total of 466 species. It is a beautiful & agricultural country. So it has a lot of food grains. Besides, it has lots of fruits, fishes, insects, trees, bushes, forest, piker’s & marshy rivers. All these things have made this country an ideal home for birds to live in.
    The climate of Bangladesh is suitable for the living of birds. For this reason we see various kinds of birds in this country. They differ in size, color & nature. They are broadly divided into four classes-
    o Teasing Birds
    o Gaming Birds
    o Singing Birds
    o Plundering Birds
    There are some other birds which come from far cold countries during winter. They are called ‘Guest bird’ and locally ‘Otithi pakhi’.

    s.
    NATIONAL BIRD OF BANGLADESH: Magpie robin is the national bird of Bangladesh. It is so common & so nice bird. It is medium size bird. It builds nest in bushes & jungle. Its tone is so sweet. It mainly eats insects. In Bangladesh there are 35 species found of this bird. It is called locally ‘doel’.
    CROW: It is the most popular bird in Bangladesh. It is seen everywhere from sunrise to sunset. Its color is black. It has strong leg & beaks. It is medium to large size. It is so clever bird. Its voice is harsh. It builds its nest on a long tree. It eats everything. . It is called locally ‘kak’.
    HAWKS, KITES & EAGLE: In avifauna they are so powerful birds. They have keen eyesight, strong legs, powerful talons & powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh for their target. It builds its nest in big trees. There are 26 species found in Bangladesh. They are called ‘bazpakhi’, ‘chil’ , ‘eagle’ .
    WOODPECKER: It is a nice bird. It is small to medium size bird. It has short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. It makes hole in the bark of the trees and eats up harmful insects. It makes its nest in trees holes. In Bangladesh 18 species have been found. It is called locally ‘kaththokra’.
    KINGFISHER & HERON: They are so common birds in Bangladesh. They are found in the watery place. Kingfisher is small to medium size bird & heron is large size bird. They catch small fish & feed on them.  In Bangladesh 11 species kingfisher found. They are called locally ‘machhranga’, ‘bok’.
    BULBUL: Bulbul is one of the most popular birds in Bangladesh. It is a colorful bird. It is medium size bird. It is short necked slender passerines. It tails are long & wings short & rounded. It feed insects. It is a singing bird. Only 11 species have been found in Bangladesh. It is called locally ‘bulbuli’.
    OWLS: It is small to large size bird. It has strong legs & large forward-facing eyes and ear-holes. Most owls are actively hunting their prey only in darkness. It lives mainly on insects, mice, rats and hares. It builds its nest on big trees, hill & jungle. In Bangladesh 14 species have been found. It is called locally ‘pacha’.
    PIGEON & DOVE: They are small to medium size bird. They look so nice. Pigeon is very fond of home. Pigeon originally lived in high place- roof, eaves, steeples, man-made structure and cave near the sea. They mainly feed seeds & grains. They also feed insects, fruit and vegetation. They are called locally ‘kobutor’, ‘ghogu’.
    CUCKOO: Cuckoo is variable size. It has long tail & strong legs. It comes in spring & stay till summer. It is singing bird. Everybody likes it for its sweet voice. 16 species have been found in Bangladesh. It is called locally ‘kokil’.

    In Bangladesh there are some other common birds. They are swallow, falcon, sparrow, crane, duck, sea- gull, skimmers, terns, storm-petrels, tropic-birds, pelicans, boobies, gannets, Indian cormorant, spoonbills, geese, egrets, storks, ibises, swans, osprey, rails, crakes, coots, sun grebe, jacanas, painted snipe, terns, horn-bills, bar-bets, pitas, lark, martins, bats etc.
    It is known that the climate of world’s changing rapidly for many natural & man-made causes. For this, many species of birds are endangered now. It will hamper our ecological balance. For our own interest we should concern everyone about the impact of the extinction of birds.

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